Heat and Work

Glenn Elert

Resources

Rumford
- Thermodynamics
  - New Experiments upon heat…. Benjamin Thompson (Count Rumford). Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society. Vol. 76 (1786): 273–304; doi: 10.1098/rstl.1786.0014.
  - Experiments upon heat…. Benjamin Thompson (Count Rumford). Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society. Vol. 82 (1792): 48–80.
  - An inquiry concerning the source of the heat which is excited by friction [cannon boring experiment]. Benjamin Thompson (Count Rumford). Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society. Vol. 88 (1798): 80–102.
  - An inquiry concerning the weight ascribed to heat. Benjamin Thompson (Count Rumford). Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society. Vol. 89 (1799): 179–194.
  - An enquiry concerning the nature of heat, and the mode of its communication. Benjamin Thompson (Count Rumford) Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society. Vol. 94 (1804): 77–182.
  - An account of a curious phenomenon observed on the glaciers of Chamouny…. Benjamin Thompson (Count Rumford) Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society. Vol. 94 (1804): 23–29.
- Ballistics
  - New experiments upon gun-powder…. Benjamin Thompson (Count Rumford). Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society. Vol. 71 (1781): 229–328.
  - Experiments to determine the force of fired gunpowder. Benjamin Thompson (Count Rumford). Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society. Vol. 87 (1797): 222–292.
- Optics
  - An account of a method of measuring the comparative intensities of the light emitted by luminous bodies. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society. Vol. 84 (1794): 67–106.
  - An account of some experiments upon coloured shadows. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society. Vol. 84 (1794): 107–118.
- Miscellaneous
  - …Donation to the Royal Society, for the purpose of instituting a prize medal. Benjamin Thompson (Count Rumford). Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society. Vol. 87 (1797): 215–218.
Mayer
- Bemerkungen über die Kräfte der unbelebten Natur. Julius Robert von Mayer. Annalen der Chemie und Pharmacie. Vol. 42 (1842): 233–240.
  - Remarks on the inorganic forces of nature. Julius Robert von Mayer. Translated by G.C. Foster. The London, Edinburgh and Dublin Philosophical Magazine and Journal of Science. Vol. 24 No. 562 (1862).
- Die Mechanik der Wärme. Julius Robert von Mayer. Stuttgart: J.G. Cotta'schen, 1867. A collection of Mayer's scientific writing including the article mentioned above where he introduced the concept that later became the first law of thermodynamics.
- Über die Erhaltung der Energie. Julius Robert von Mayer. Berlin: Gebrüder Paetel, 1889. Correspondence between Mayer and the neurologist Wilhelm Griesinger on the conservation of energy.
- Robert Mayer, Encyclopedia of Human Thermodynamics, Human Chemistry, and Human Physics
Joule
- On the Caloric Effect of Magneto-Electricity, and on the Mechanical Value of Heat. James Prescott Joule. Philosophical Magazine Series 3. Vol. 23 No. 152 (1843): 263–276.
- On the Existence of an Equivalent Relation between Heat and the ordinary Forms of Mechanical Power. James Prescott Joule. Philosophical Magazine, Series 3. Vol. 27 No. 179 (1845): 205–207.
- On the mechanical equivalent of heat. James Prescott Joule. Proceedings of the Royal Society. Vol. 140 (1850): 61–82.
- New determination of the mechanical equivalent of heat. James Prescott Joule. Proceedings of the Royal Society. Vol. 169 (1878): 365–383.
Helmholtz
- On the Conservation of Force [Energy]. Introduction to a Series of Lectures Delivered at Carlsruhe in the Winter of 1862–1863. Ludwig Ferdinand von Helmholtz, translated by Edmund Atkinson. Popular Lectures on Scientific Subjects. Hermann New York: Appleton (1872): 317–362.
Video on demand
- The Mechanical Universe and Beyond (1985)
  - Temperature and The Gas Law. Hot discoveries about the behavior of gases make the connection between temperature and heat.