Maxwell's Equations
Discussion
introduction
integral vs. differential
| Integral Form |
| ∯ E · dA = |
Q |
|
(Gauss's Law) |
|
∮E · ds = |
− |
dΦ B |
|
|
|
(Faraday's Law) |
| ε0 |
|
dt |
|
| |
|
| ∯ B · dA = |
0 |
|
(No Name Law) |
|
∮B · ds = |
μ0ε0 |
dΦB |
+ μ0I |
|
(Ampère's Law) |
| |
dt |
| |
| Differential Form |
| ∇ · E = |
ρ |
|
(Gauss's Law) |
|
∇ × E = |
− |
dB |
|
|
|
(Faraday's Law) |
| ε0 |
|
dt |
|
| |
|
| ∇ · B = |
0 |
|
(No Name Law) |
|
∇ × B = |
μ0ε0 |
∂E |
+ μ0 J |
|
(Ampère's Law) |
| |
∂t |
tensor notation
∂μFμν = jν
text
- Gauss's Law
- There are two types of charge, positive and negative, just as there are two
types of real numbers, positive and negative.
- Electric field lines diverge from positive charge and converge on negative
charge
- No One's Law
- There is no magnetic monopole
- Magnetic field lines neither converge nor diverge (have no beginning or end)
- Faraday's law
- Electric field lines don't curl
- … except when the magnetic field changes.
- Ampère's law
- Magnetic field lines curl around electric current
- … and also curl when the electric field changes.